37 урок английского языка, classical music, carnival roots

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37 урок английского языка, classical music, carnival roots
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37 урок английского языка, classical music, carnival roots

Сегодня мы изучали музыку, искусство и литературу (music, art and literature).

Когда мы говорим о музыке, то обычно имеем в виду классическую музыку (classical music) и вспоминаем концерты на пианино Ветховена (Beethoven’s piano concertos) и симфонии Шуберта (Schubert’s symphonies). Beethoven and Schubert are both composers- Бетховен и Шуберт оба композиторы. Most of their music is played by an orchestra (большинство их музыки написано для игры в оркестре) которым руководит дирижер (which is led by a conductor). К классической музыке также относится опера- Opera (a play in which the words are sung).

Музыкальные инструменты:

– cello and cellist – виолончель и виолончелист

– violin and violinist- скрипка и скрипач

– piano and pianist- пианино и пианист

– guitar and guitarist- гитара и гитарист

– saxophone and saxophonist- саксофон и саксофонист

– drums and drummer- барабаны и барабанщик

– flute and flautist- флейта и флейтист.

Когда мы говорим об искусстве, то картины обычно употребляются как painting и художники painter. Также искусство это скульптуры sculpture о и скульпторы sculptor. Картины обычно выставляются в картинной галерее (art gallery) и на выставке (exhibition). Картины делятся на портреты- portrait, self-portrait- автопортреты, a landscape- пейзажи и an abstract painting- абстрактные картины (not realistic).

Также на уроке по очереди пересказывали 2 часть «Вокруг света за 80 дней». Филис Фог и его камердинер Паспарту оказались в Бомбее, настолько разном городе, где можно было встретить гуляющих вокруг коров (cows walking around), коз поедающих мусор (goats eating rubbish) и богатых людей сидящих в тележках, которые тянут бедняки (rich people sitting in carts pulled by the poor). Воздух был наполнен экзотическими запахами, которые менялись когда он переходил от одного места на другое (The air was filled with exotic smells which changed as he went from place to place). Это был запах карри, кокосовых орехов, цветов и свежих фруктов всех видов (It was smell of curry, coconut, flowers and fresh fruit of all kinds).

Нам раздали Student’s book, к которым прилагался диск. Мы сегодня читали и слушали разные стили музыки и должны были угадать какая музыка к какому стилю относится. А также в какой стране зародилась.

Классическая музыка зародилась в Европе Classical in Europe, Fado in Portugal, Blues in USA, Han in China, Bhangra in India and Pakistan, Jazz in USA, Zulu in South Africa, Samba in Brazil, Calypso in Trinidad (Caribbean).

Прочитали рассказ о связях в музыке различных направлений, который назывался Carnival roots– Корень (суть) карнавала.

People around the wold have celebrate carnival for thousands of years. InEurope, carnival was usually held about six weeks before Easter. It was the last opportunity for Christians to eat, drink and enjoy themselves before the long period of fasting leading up to Easter. This tradition was taken to the American colonies by the French, Spanish and Portuguese. InAmerica, it changed as it came into contact with other traditions, mainly from the African slaves that were brought across theAtlantic.

Люди вокруг земли празднуют карнавал тысячи лет. В Европе карнавал обычно проходит за 6 недель до Пасхи. Это последняя возможность для христиан поесть, выпить и насладиться друг другом до долгого периода поста ведущего к Пасхе. Это традиция была взята у Американских колоний Франции, Испании и Португалии. В Америке это пришло и контактировало с другими традициями, особенно с африканскими рабами, которые были перевезены через Атлантику.

Life for the African slaves in the sugar and cotton plantations was hard. There were very few occasions to celebrate. When they did celebrate, they displayed great energy in dance and music.

Жизнь для африканских рабов на сахарных и тростниковых плантациях была трудной. Там было несколько поводов праздновать. Когда они отмечали, то они показывали больше энергии в танце и музыке.

Over the years, the celebrations have developed in different ways, depending on the city or country. In the United States, New Orleansis famous for its brass band sound, particularly during the Mardi Gras festival. New Orleansmixed blues (sad songs) with trumpets and trombones, and made a new type of music: jazz. People have been playing jazz since the early 20^th century.

С годами празднование развивалось в разных направлениях, зависящих от городов и стран. В Соединенных штатах, Нью Орлеане стали популярны инструменты из меди, особенно в течение фестиваля Марли Грас. Нью Орлеан смешал блюз (грустные песни) с барабанами и тромбонами и сделал новый тип музыки- Джаз. Люди играют в джаз с ранних годов 20 века.

The Portuguese took their folk music toBrazilwhen they arrived inSouth Americain 1500. Over time, this guitar, violin and accordion music mixed with the faster tempo of African rhythms. This produced upbeat dances like the happy and optimistic maxixe. The world famous carnival inRio de Janeiromoves to the beat of samba. We think ofBrazilwhen we hear samba, but the origins of samba lie inWest Africa.

Португалия взяла свою народную музыку от Бразилии когда они приехали в Южную Африку в 1500 годах. Со временем музыка гитар, скрипок и аккордеонов смешалась с быстрыми темпами Африканских ритмов. Это привело к энергичным танцам таким как счастливый и оптимистичный Машиш. Знаменитый мировой карнавал в Рио де Жанейро выдвинулся из ритмов Самбы. Мы думаем о Бразилии когда слышим самбу, но происхождение самбы лежит в Западной Африке.

Trinidad, the Caribbean island that has exported carnival to so many countries, is famous for calypso. It comes from kalinda music, originally fromAfrica. The steel drums, played at everyTrinidadcarnival, were originally the lids of dustbins. Now carnival has all types of music from hip-hop, house and salsa as well as the more traditional sounds of calypso.

В Триндад, карибском острове, который экспортировал карнавал в разные страны, популярно салипсо. Это пришло от музыки Калинда, происхождение которой в Африке. До сих пор барабаны играют в каждом карнавале Тринидад, который произошел от крышек мусорных ящиков. Сейчас карнавал имеет все типы музыки от хип-хопа, клубной и сальсы также хорошо как и традиционные звуки калипсо.

Решу егэ

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

1. Plan beforehand

2. Carnival roots

3. The best viewpoints

4. Styles of dancing

5. A music group for a street

6. Carnival’s music

7. The time for pleasure

8. The time to attend the Carnival

A. Carnival is the most famous holiday in Brazil and has become a world-famous annual celebration. It is celebrated in towns and villages throughout Brazil for almost a week 40 days before Easter, which is usually in February, the hottest month in the Southern Hemisphere. Officially, it starts on Saturday and finishes on Fat Tuesday with the beginning of Lent on Ash Wednesday, during which some Christians give up something that they enjoy.

B. The most colourful events take place in the Carnival World Capital, Rio de Janeiro. It was the original place where, in 1723, Portuguese immigrants went out onto the streets soaking each other with buckets of water and throwing mud and food, often ending up in street brawls and riots. The concept kept changing throughout the 1800s with more organized parades, where the Emperor with a group of aristocrats joined in masks with luxurious costumes and music.

C. Now the parade varies from state to state. It is a mixture of arts. The music played during Rio Carnival is samba — a unique Brazilian music originating from Rio. It’s also a dance form that was invented by the poor Afro-Brazilians as a type of ritual music. The word «samba» meant to pray to the spirits of the ancestors and the gods of the African Pantheon. As a noun, it could mean a complaint or a cry.

D. Even today, the most involved groups in Rio Carnival are the poorest, the so-called «favelas», where houses are made of cardboard or other metal remains, and there is often no water, electricity or sewage system. However, the favelas’ residents always join in the festivities and actually make the Carnival, which really means a lot to them. Because, for once during the year, they get to go out and have as much fun as they can.

E. Residents of the favelas are often members of local samba schools and are deeply involved with the performance and costumes of their groups. Each neighborhood in Rio has its favorite Carnival street band. There are more than 300 of them in Rio nowadays, and each year this number increases. Each band has its place or street for its parade and the big ones usually close the streets to the traffic.

F. Rio de Janeiro is usually divided into three zones. The so-called Zona Sul is by far the most pleasant place to stay in Rio, as it is by the sea and is the most civilized part of the city. Districts Copacabana and Ipanema together form a big stage offering a carnival happening at every corner. Leblon, being a bit more upscale, is also an excellent location.

G. Except the industries, malls and the carnival-related workers, the country stops completely for almost a week and festivities are intense, day and night. If you plan to go to watch the Carnival, you should organize your trip well in advance. The best hotels, especially in the Zona Sul, are booked up early, so it’s a good idea to make a reservation at least 3 or 4 months in advance.

Пояснение.

A−8: The Carnival is the most famous holiday in Brazil and has become a world—famous annual celebration.

B−2: It was the original place where, in 1723, Portuguese immigrants went out onto the streets soaking each other with buckets of water and throwing mud and food, often ending up in street brawls and riots.

C−6: It is a mixture of arts. The music played during Rio Carnival is samba — a unique Brazilian music originating from Rio. It’s also a dance form that was invented by the poor Afro—Brazilians as a type of ritual music.

D−7: Even today, the most involved groups in Rio Carnival are the poorest,… Because, for once during the year, they get to go out and have as much fun as they can.

E−5: Each neighborhood in Rio has its favorite Carnival street band.

F−3: The so—called Zona Sul is by far the most pleasant place to stay in Rio, as it is by the sea and is the most civilized part of the city.

G−1: If you plan to go to watch the Carnival, you should organize your trip well in advance. The best hotels, especially in the Zona Sul, are booked up early, so it’s a good idea to make a reservation at least 3 or 4 months in advance.

Источник: ЕГЭ по английскому языку 06.06.2021. Основная волна. Урал. Вариант 3.